While it was used up until Version 1.05, the Zenny money icon goes unused due to technical problems with it's feature (which was changed to the format to purchase in-game content from the PlayStation Store or Steam), but it's icon still exists in the "TaggedImages" folder in "Game/CommonAsset".
As an apology for the late release of some content, Capcom unlocked both Ryu and Chun-Li's Story Costumes for free automatically in everybody's account. Because of this, these two costumes are not in the in-game shop anymore and the pictures for them are also unused. They can be found in the "Costume" folder of the "ShopItemImage" folder in "WinSysAsset/Shop".
This game's Tutorial even has its own character story thumbnail graphics in the "Image" folder of "IllustDemo" in "Chara/TUT", but they are unused and never seen in the menu in-game.
To do:
There's still more unused English and Japanese character voicelines to cover, document and upload.
Some of the characters have unused dialogue that is never spoken by them in-fight, both in English and Japanese. The sample filenames are also named differently between the base game and the Arcade and Champion Edition versions.
Ryu's pre-fight line from Street Fighter IV, re-voiced for V. It was meant to be used for Survival Mode when he is selected on the Character Select screen, but it goes unused.
Interestingly, voice clips of the game's announcer calling every "premier" tournament of the Capcom Pro Tour along with the country where they take place are present. Thing is, there's no feature where it can be heard, so their in-game use is unknown. Maybe Capcom planned a way to announce tournaments to connected players or allow them to browse rankings afterwards?
There is an audio clip of the announcer calling every online rank. In the final game, leveling up online only plays a fanfare, and there is no other place where these can be heard.
The data of an alternate EX Tatsumaki Senpuu Kyaku (Hurricane Kick) for Ken is present within the game. The animation is exclusive and complete, and despite the glitchy hitboxes, the move has guard-break property and functions properly.